Gambling is a common activity that can be fun and exciting, but for some it can become a problem. It can affect relationships, health and work performance, get people into financial trouble and even lead to homelessness. Understanding how gambling works, who is most at risk of developing a problem and what steps to take to stop or help someone who has a gambling addiction can help.
The brain releases dopamine, a feel-good neurotransmitter, when you win money, which can trigger a gambling addiction. It is estimated that 2.5 million adults in the United States meet criteria for a severe gambling disorder, and another 5-8 million have mild or moderate problems. Gambling is also associated with substance use disorders, including alcohol and drug addiction, which can also lead to depression and anxiety. It can be particularly dangerous for those who are already struggling with these conditions because the combination of these substances and gambling can increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
It is important to distinguish between regulated and unregulated forms of gambling. While regulated gambling, such as state lotteries and casino games, is legal in many countries, some forms of unregulated gambling may not be, such as dice or card games, sports betting or online casinos. Unregulated gambling is typically done through underground channels and often involves criminal syndicates.
Whether it is illegal or not, gambling can be addictive. In fact, according to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 5% of those who gamble develop a gambling disorder. It is more likely to happen to men than women, and young people are especially susceptible. Their easy access to gaming technology, such as video and mobile apps that allow them to make micro-transactions and payments, can lure them in.
While there are some clear warning signs of gambling problems, it can be difficult to recognize them in yourself or someone you know. Some signs include:
Do you need to gamble in order to feel excited or happy? Do you feel the need to bet more and more in order to get the same level of excitement? Do you lie or attempt to hide your gambling habits from others? Have you tried unsuccessfully to control or cut down your gambling?
If you are concerned about a loved one’s gambling, it is important to seek help. There are several types of support available, such as family therapy and marriage, career and credit counseling, as well as peer-based programs like Gamblers Anonymous. These support groups can help you address the underlying issues that have caused you to gamble, and lay the foundation for a life free of problem gambling. For more information, visit the Royal College of Psychiatrists website. You can also find useful information on the Gamblers Anonymous website. This includes a self-assessment tool and guides for finding help in your community. In addition, the National Council on Problem Gambling offers a confidential hotline for anyone in need of assistance or guidance.